{"id":63,"date":"2020-05-11T06:55:00","date_gmt":"2020-05-11T05:55:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/drbannonsblog.aprendo.co.uk\/drbannonsblog_wp\/2020\/05\/11\/covid19-can-zinc-help\/"},"modified":"2021-03-25T08:44:09","modified_gmt":"2021-03-25T08:44:09","slug":"covid19-can-zinc-help","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drbannonsblog.aprendo.co.uk\/drbannonsblog_wp\/2020\/05\/11\/covid19-can-zinc-help\/","title":{"rendered":"COVID19 &#8211; can Zinc help?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">They answer is of course a big yes. But does that mean supplements might help to improve the outcome from COVID19? This needs a more detailed answer, so let&#8217;s have a look at Zinc&#8230;.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">While our metabolism is like a giant three dimensional jigsaw of many different essential component pieces, of which Zinc is just one, it has a particular and critical <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3724376\/\">role<\/a>&nbsp;in our relationships with viruses and bacteria and also regulates the inflammatory response.&nbsp;Zinc does therefore have an important role in our individual responses to any infection, including COVID19.&nbsp;<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">Indeed, Zinc has played a big part in human history, its alloy with copper making brass and is the fourth most common metal in use in modern age. When a lorry driver, I used to deliver it around the country as ductwork and sheeting. As a metal, it is rather attractive; that it also has a crucial role in our metabolism hints at the incredible complexity of nature. It i<\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: justify;\">s widespread in our environment, soils and food.&nbsp;<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: justify;\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-indent: 14px;\">I first became interested when I read that&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-indent: 14px;\">Zinc&nbsp;supplementation&nbsp;has been shown to be of potential benefit for people with&nbsp;<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25933976\" style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; text-indent: 14px;\">MS&nbsp;suffering&nbsp;from depression<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: justify;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: justify;\">So is our intake of Zinc a problem that need solving?<\/span><\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; font-size: small;\">What does Zinc do?<\/span><\/h3>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; font-size: small;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"clear: both; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">Life without Zinc is simply not possible. It speeds up and indeed is absolutely required for many important chemical reactions taking place inside every cell. It has an important role in DNA metabolism and is present in many proteins, helping them fold into the correct shapes with wonderful <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zinc_finger\">&#8220;Zinc Fingers&#8221;<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"clear: both; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14px;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"clear: both; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">More importantly here, it has important roles in the synthesis and&nbsp;regulation&nbsp;of white cells, the workers of our immune system and so&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14px;\">has many roles in protecting us from infections. Good stuff, this zinc!<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"clear: both; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14px;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"clear: both; text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14px;\"><span style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: 0px;\">There are 2-4 grammes of Zinc in the&nbsp;average&nbsp;adult body and we need about 10mg a day in our diet. There is a little stored in the bones and liver though these are rapidly used up when unwell.&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"clear: both; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">.<\/span><\/div>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">What about Zinc and COVID19?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><span style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21079686\/\">In the lab at least<\/a> Zinc exhibits antiviral activity through inhibition of the chemical tools needed by the coronavirus to multiply within our cells. In other words, Zinc really might put a spanner in COVID&#8217;s reproductive works, but there is more; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.spandidos-publications.com\/10.3892\/ijmm.2020.4575\">a recent study has taken a closer look<\/a>, and finds that:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<div style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div style=\"font-stretch: normal; line-height: normal; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14px;\">\n<div style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><i>&#8220;In view of recent data on clinical course of the disease, it appears that adequate Zn status may possess protective effect as adjuvant [add-on] therapy of COVID\u201119 through reducing lung inflammation, improvement of mucociliary clearance, [helping clear the lungs] prevention of ventilator\u2011induced lung injury, modulation of antibacterial and antiviral immunity especially in elderly. Further clinical and experimental studies are strongly required to elucidate the potential role of Zn deficiency in COVID\u201119 susceptibility, as well as effects of Zn supplementation, and the underlying mechanisms.&#8221;<\/i><\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><i><br \/><\/i><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><i>[my clarifications in brackets]<\/i><\/span><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: left;\">In other words Zinc helps us defeat COVID at just about every stage of the infection:<\/span>  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: left;\">It inhibits COVID reproduction<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: left;\">Reduces the activity of COVID&#8217;S target in the cell membrane, the ACE2 receptor.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: left;\">Helps us to cough up<\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: left;\">&nbsp;phlegm<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: left;\">Clobbers the virus directly<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: left;\">Regulates the critical (and sometimes out of control) inflammatory&nbsp;response<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: left;\">Helps fight the bacterial pneumonia which can follow COVID<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: left;\">It can even make ventilation, if needed, less traumatic.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> <span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; text-align: left;\">For the readers with an interest in cellular biology, the diagram below shows how it&nbsp;exerts&nbsp;its&nbsp;influence; for those for whom it is baffling,&nbsp;it&#8217;s&nbsp;enough&nbsp;to know that Zinc (Zn) plays a role in every aspect of our defence against COVID.&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-A2DYospgLc0\/XrPIwrTrUxI\/AAAAAAAAAKI\/FJ0D2CQOkMgjBol4k_ia2VhHQFud0PA6gCLcBGAsYHQ\/s1600\/zinc%2Bfunctions.png\" style=\"margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"535\" data-original-width=\"939\" height=\"361\" src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-A2DYospgLc0\/XrPIwrTrUxI\/AAAAAAAAAKI\/FJ0D2CQOkMgjBol4k_ia2VhHQFud0PA6gCLcBGAsYHQ\/s640\/zinc%2Bfunctions.png\" width=\"640\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"><\/div>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; font-size: small;\"><br \/><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; font-weight: normal;\">The &nbsp;authors conclude:<\/span><\/h3>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;\"><i><b>&#8220;Although the therapeutic effects of Zn are considered as inconsistent, the existing evidence\u2011based data indicate efficiency of Zn supplementation and improvement of Zn status in prevention of pneumonia and its complications due to anti\u2011inflammatory effect of zinc.&#8221;<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">The authors also suggest that lack of Zinc might be implicated in the problem of Russian children who seem to be getting more COVID linked pneumonia than seen elsewhere. This is likely to be a&nbsp;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4481043\/\" style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">particular problem related to food issues in Russia<\/a><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">, more so since the collapse of Communism, but it is clearly hints that it is important for us all to be getting enough Zinc.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;\"><i><br \/><\/i><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;\"><i>In other words Zinc has a definite role. Interesting&#8230;<\/i><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; text-align: justify;\"><i><br \/><\/i><\/span><\/div>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; font-size: small;\">Zinc deficiency<\/span><\/h3>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jn\/article\/137\/4\/1101\/4664657\">Two billion people are not getting enough ZInc in the diet<\/a>. Its lack is contributing to the deaths of 800,000 people&nbsp;around&nbsp;the world each year. This is a terrible inditement of the quality of global food supply as well is its absolute lack for so many. Its deficiency is thought to be responsible for significant proportion of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/330\/7487\/347\">stunting of child growth<\/a> and diarrhoea diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. No doubt it will worsen the impact of COVID19 on these Zinc deficient populations.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">It is also more likely to be&nbsp;deficient&nbsp;in the elderly and there has long been concerns that its&nbsp;deficiency&nbsp;might be <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/326\/7386\/409?sso=\">more common than we think.<\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"background-color: white; color: #333333;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">Elsewhere i<a href=\"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/FullText\/371618\">t has been estimated<\/a> that 17.3% of the worlds population have inadequate zinc intakes, with the highest estimates in Africa (23.9%) and Asia (19.4%). The picture below shows the sad (non-COVID19) effects on those as particular risk of deficiency:<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"clear: both; text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/WebMaterial\/ShowPic\/130989\" style=\"margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"http:\/\/www.karger.com\/WebMaterial\/ShowPic\/130989\" border=\"0\" height=\"260\" src=\"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/WebMaterial\/ShowPic\/130989\" width=\"400\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/www.karger.com\/WebMaterial\/ShowPic\/130989\" style=\"clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;\"><span style=\"clear: right; float: right; font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;\"><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/12421862\/?dopt=Abstract\">In the USA<\/a> only about 40% of the population are getting enough zinc in the diet, and this is worse in the elderly and in Hispanics. Supplementing with Zinc for residents of US nursing homes reduced the <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17921398\/\">incidence of pneumonia by 50%<\/a>&nbsp;. This suggests that the frail and elderly are also are at risk. Inactivity means you need to eat less food, less food means less zinc in your diet.&nbsp;<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Are you getting enough?<\/span><\/h3>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">The answer is likely to be YES, but with some big if&#8217;s.&nbsp;<\/span>The US Recommended Daily Allowance for Zinc is 8mg a day for women and 11 for men, more if pregnant or breastfeeding.<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/12936958\/?dopt=Abstract\"> Vegetarians<\/a> are likely to need as much as 50% more as plant based Zinc is less well absorbed, though a well balanced vegetarian diet is likely to provide enough and there seems <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/12030275\/\">no disadvantage to vegetarians<\/a> in terms of health outcomes.&nbsp;<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">Zinc is not stored in any significant amount in the body in the long terms and so we need an adequate and regular intake from our diet.<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">One fundamental problem is that levels of minerals in the soil&nbsp;have&nbsp;been <a href=\"https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/805926\/State_of_the_environment_soil_report.pdf\">declining with time<\/a> due to&nbsp;intensive&nbsp;modern faming&nbsp;methods. Half the words cereal crops are zinc deficient. This means that intake of Zinc, and other micro-nutrients are<a href=\"http:\/\/mineralresourcesint.co.uk\/pdf\/Mineral_Depletion_of_Foods_1940_2002.pdf\"> declining in our food<\/a>, and by implication declining in our bodies.&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">&nbsp;<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">Too many of the worlds population rely on the vast <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com\/what-the-world-eats\/\">monocultures of cereals, rice, corn and soya<\/a>&nbsp;for nutrition, and suffer due to the resultant lack of variety and quality of the diet. It is these areas where Zinc deficiency is predominant.&nbsp;<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">Zinc absorption in the diet can be inhibited by phytates common in many cereals and legumes, so unbalanced diets could be leading to deficiency <a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jn\/article\/130\/5\/1378S\/4686381\">even in populations who, in terms of calories, appear well fed.<\/a>&nbsp;On a positive note, its absorption can also be enhanced by high protein meals. To complicate matters further, phytates also have <a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nutritionreviews\/article\/76\/11\/793\/5053734\">positive health effects<\/a>, so clearly it is all about getting the right balance.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Yet that supplementation can make a difference to children in Russia with COVID, for those with diarrhoea around the world, for the pneumonia-prone elderly in American nursing homes and that it and shortens the duration of colds in the west might suggest that some of us at least, are not getting, or absorbing enough.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">There are also difficulties with diagnosing lack of zinc in the diet blood by doing simple blood tests as results can be deceptively normal until our l<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/2243291\/\">imited stores are used by by infection or other challenges<\/a>&nbsp;are used up. So approaching your GP for blood tests is not useful.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">I can&#8217;t help join some other obvious dots, for example;&nbsp;<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6769512\/\" style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">a poor diet is associated with depression<\/a><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">, zinc supplements seems to improve depression &#8211; so&nbsp;zinc&nbsp;in&nbsp;likely&nbsp;to be&nbsp;deficient&nbsp;in poor diets. Not great science; because A=B, and B=C, doesn&#8217;t always mean that A=C.&nbsp;<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">And as usual, we need more trials, but as so often when the science is uncertain, the question is what to do now?<\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">How to get enough Zinc<\/span><\/h3>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">Zinc is common in all sorts of foods. There is lots of it in meat, albeit declining, seafoods too are a common source, though again quality varies and consumption of sea food has its issues of contamination and sustainability.&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">&nbsp;For a useful factsheet <a href=\"https:\/\/ods.od.nih.gov\/factsheets\/Zinc-HealthProfessional\/#h3\">click here<\/a>.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">Non-meat sources of zinc include legumes, tofu, nuts and seeds, though as I mentioned above, the phytates in legumes can inhibit its absorption. &nbsp;Fermentation and soaking are likely to help. Real leavened bread is better than unleavened crackers and biscuits too.&nbsp;<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">Another problem is our cultural understanding of the importance of food quality and its cooking. From my perspective, this is now a major public health issue. Understanding what constitutes a well prepared, properly cooked, well balanced meal is not being fostered by our educational system and leaves chunks of the population poorly nourished and vulnerable to illness and COVID.&nbsp;<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">The &#8220;Great British Bake-Off&#8221; culture does not help either &#8211; its sugary over-produced outcomes are part of the our obesity prone society.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">Exercise can help too. The more active you are, the more you need to eat and the more likely you therefore are to be getting enough zinc in the diet. Extreme exercise though might also <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/285524087_Zinc_and_exercise\">increase its requirements<\/a>. The dietary requirement of athletes <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2213231720301312\">are more exacting<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">Despite all this complexity,&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">in essence the greater the variety and the quality of your food, the less unlikely your are to have a problem. However, if you don&#8217;t (or can&#8217;t) eat a balanced diet,<\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">&nbsp;or you dri<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29177978\/\">nk t<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29177978\/\">oo much alcoho<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29177978\/\">l,<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"> the<\/span><span style=\"font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;\">re might be a problem.<\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"> Those who don&#8217;t eat meat have to take a bit more care, though should get enough from&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">legumes tofu, nuts and seeds.&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">Supplements to the rescue??<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">Taking supplements might seem a panacea, but are things ever this simple? There are potential pitfalls too.&nbsp;<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">For instance&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">copper (another vital micronutrient) and zinc compete for absorption sites in the gut, so taking too much zinc might lead to too little copper. It&#8217;s a bit of a minefield and each of us will have to make our own decisions. &nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">As ever, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kingsfund.org.uk\/publications\/articles\/inverse-care-law\">inverse care law<\/a> applies: those who eat the worst diets are the ones least likely to be taking supplements. They are also the ones most likely to suffer severe COVID symptoms and complications.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Given all this, what I will personally do is to have some Zinc tablets in my admittedly small supplement store. At the first hint of symptoms, I will take 50mg a day until better. I hope that will keep my short term and naturally limited stores topped up, and that Zinc will be&nbsp;able&nbsp;to perform its functions inside, as I said at the beginning, every cell in my body and in my&nbsp;immune&nbsp;cells in&nbsp;particular.&nbsp;<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Many on line suggest taking Zinc lozenges as the anti viral effect might maximised in the pharynx, but<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.msn.com\/en-gb\/health\/medical\/zinc-will-not-block-coronavirus-the-internets-covid-19-myths-busted\/ar-BB10XnxJ\" style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">&nbsp;experts disagree<\/a><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">.&nbsp;<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">It is easy to buy supplements offering 50mg of Zinc a day, but beware, this is five times our normal daily requirement.&nbsp;<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span> <span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">If you do want to supplement in the longer term, 5-10mg daily should be enough.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">I shall keep an eye out for <a href=\"https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/results?cond=COVID&amp;term=zinc&amp;cntry=&amp;state=&amp;city=&amp;dist=\">relevant clinical trials<\/a> and update as they are published.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">The last word&#8230;<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">Zinc has an important role in immunity and fighting viral infections and the bacterial complications they can cause. This is very relevant to COVID. There is also evidence that it can inhibit COVID at various stages of its life cycle so it is important to ensure we are getting enough in our diet. &nbsp;Many people don&#8217;t.&nbsp;<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\">In summary:<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><b>An&nbsp;adequate&nbsp;intake of Zinc from our food is always the safest and&nbsp;healthiest&nbsp;way to ensure we get what we need.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><b>Taking Zinc supplements can be effective in malnutrition, or to counter a low quality or unbalanced diet or where there are problems&nbsp;with its absorption. They might also have a role to play in people with mental health problems.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">It might be reasonable to take zinc during the COVID19 illness while awaiting evidence from clinical trials.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><b>For any of us, this is a time to get ready for COVID and the importance of a varied, fresh, organic diet comprising a wide variety of foods grown or grazed on healthy soil and pasture is a crucial part in preparing ourselves. &nbsp;<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><b>As a society we also need to have a good hard look at what is happening to our sources of zinc, &nbsp;and how we are treating that&nbsp;ultimate&nbsp;giver, or taker away of life and health &#8211; our soil.<\/b><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"font-family: &quot;arial&quot; , &quot;helvetica&quot; , sans-serif;\"><br \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>They answer is of course a big yes. But does that mean supplements might help&hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/drbannonsblog.aprendo.co.uk\/drbannonsblog_wp\/2020\/05\/11\/covid19-can-zinc-help\/\" class=\"more-link btn btn-link\">Read More&hellip; <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Continue reading COVID19 &#8211; can Zinc help?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-63","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-healthy-eating"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/drbannonsblog.aprendo.co.uk\/drbannonsblog_wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/drbannonsblog.aprendo.co.uk\/drbannonsblog_wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/drbannonsblog.aprendo.co.uk\/drbannonsblog_wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drbannonsblog.aprendo.co.uk\/drbannonsblog_wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drbannonsblog.aprendo.co.uk\/drbannonsblog_wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=63"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/drbannonsblog.aprendo.co.uk\/drbannonsblog_wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":681,"href":"https:\/\/drbannonsblog.aprendo.co.uk\/drbannonsblog_wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/63\/revisions\/681"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/drbannonsblog.aprendo.co.uk\/drbannonsblog_wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=63"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drbannonsblog.aprendo.co.uk\/drbannonsblog_wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=63"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drbannonsblog.aprendo.co.uk\/drbannonsblog_wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=63"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}